A Review on Bipolar Disorders and Future Recommendations for Its Management in the Community

Abstract

Bipolar disorders include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, other specified bipolar and related disorders, and bipolar or related disorders, unspecified. Bipolar disorder is often difficult to recognize because symptoms overlap with other psychiatric disorders, psychiatric and somatic comorbidity is common, and patients may lack insight into their conditions, particularly hypomania. People with bipolar disorder‐II typically have their first encounter with the treatment system due to depression, which accounts for over 80% of the time ill. Bipolar I disorder starts on average at 18 years and bipolar II disorder at 22 years.  The National Comorbidity Study showed onset typically between 18 and 44, with higher rates between 18 and 34 than 35 and 54. Bipolar disorder's precise causes are not fully understood. However, research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurochemical factors contributes to the development of the disorder. Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. The symptoms can vary in intensity and duration, and individuals with bipolar disorder may also experience periods of stable mood. Bipolar disorder cannot be entirely avoided. To stop bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions from getting worse, treatment should be sought as soon as a mental health disorder manifests. Bipolar disorder is typically treated with a regimen of drugs, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes. The goal of treatment is to stabilize mood, manage symptoms, prevent relapses, and improve overall functioning. The specific treatment plan depends on the individual's unique needs and the severity of their symptoms. There is a need for crucial plan and to work closely with a qualified healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, to develop and maintain an effective treatment regimen would minimize the bipolar disorders progression in the community.