Atherosclerosis: A brief review on treatment of atherosclerosis

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the progressive narrowing and hardening of arteries resulting from the accumulation of plaque. Plaque comprises lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and various other blood-borne substances. This gradual buildup can impair or obstruct blood flow, increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and related diseases. Often asymptomatic for extended periods, atherosclerosis poses significant health risks due to its insidious nature. Principal risk factors include poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, tobacco use, hypertension, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol levels. Early detection combined with lifestyle modifications including balanced nutrition and consistent exercise is critical for effective management and prevention of atherosclerosis.