Simultaneous Estimation of Drugs in their Combined Dosage forms by UV-Visible Spectroscopy

Abstract

The present study aims to develop and validate simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and economical UV–Visible spectrophotometric methods for the simultaneous estimation of selected multicomponent pharmaceutical formulations. With the increasing use of combination drug therapy for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, the need for reliable analytical methods has become essential. In this work, simultaneous equation and absorbance ratio methods were developed for the estimation of drug combinations such as Ofloxacin–Tinidazole, Alprazolam–Propranolol, and Amlodipine–Metoprolol. The developed methods are based on the measurement of absorbance at selected wavelengths, including λmax and isoabsorptive points, and obey Beer–Lambert’s law within the specified concentration ranges. Various analytical parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) were evaluated in accordance with standard validation guidelines. The results demonstrated good correlation coefficients, high recovery values close to 100%, and low %RSD values, indicating excellent reproducibility and reliability. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulations without interference from excipients. Due to their simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness, these methods can be effectively used for routine quality control analysis of multicomponent drug formulations in pharmaceutical industries and laboratories.