Formulation and Evaluation of Poly Herbal Dentifrices

Abstract

Oral diseases such as dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontal infections are among the most prevalent health problems worldwide. The increasing use of synthetic oral care products containing chemical additives has raised concerns regarding their long-term safety and potential disruption of beneficial oral microflora. The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal dentifrice using medicinal plants known for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and astringent properties. Selected herbal ingredients including Azadirachta indica, Syzygium aromaticum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Acacia nilotica, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, and others were incorporated into different formulations of herbal tooth powder. The prepared formulations were evaluated for organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical parameters, flow properties, phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, and safety profile. The pH of the formulations ranged between 6.08 and 6.50, indicating compatibility with oral tissues. Moisture content (0.46%) and ash value (0.90%) confirmed the stability and purity of the formulation. Antimicrobial studies against Streptococcus mutans demonstrated zones of inhibition ranging from 12–18 mm, indicating effective antibacterial activity. Among the formulations, F2 exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity. Safety evaluation through patch testing revealed no signs of irritation or adverse reactions. The results suggest that polyherbal dentifrices can serve as safe, economical, and effective alternatives to synthetic oral care products for maintaining oral hygiene and microbial balance.