Preparation, Optimization and Characterization of Labetalol Nanoparticles Via Precipitation Method

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop controlled-release nanoparticles of Labetalol Hydrochloride to improve its bioavailability. Nanoparticles were fabricated using polymers including Gelatin, HPMC, and Eudragit S100 via a precipitation technique. FT-IR analysis confirmed no chemical interactions between drug and polymers. The nanoparticles exhibited spherical morphology with smooth surfaces, uniform size distribution ranging from approximately 122 to 642 nm, and high encapsulation efficiency that increased with polymer concentration. Zeta potential measurements indicated good colloidal stability, with the best formulations showing values around 20 mV. The drug release was sustained and prolonged, following Super case-II transport mechanisms, with an optimized formulation releasing about 86% of the drug over 12 hours. These results demonstrate the potential of such polymeric nanoparticles for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of Labetalol HCl, warranting further in vivo evaluation in suitable models. This approach yields controlled drug delivery suitable for lipophilic drugs with limited water solubility, possibly improving antihypertensive therapy through reduced dosing frequency and enhanced bioavailability.