A Review of SwissADME in Morden Medicinal Chemistry: Insights on Anti-Cancer, Anti-Tubercular, and Anti-Microbial Agents

Abstract

The process of drug discovery has evolved dramatically with the integration of computational tools capable of predicting key pharmacokinetic and physicochemical parameters of small molecules. SwissADME, a freely available web-based tool developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, provides medicinal chemists with an efficient platform to assess parameters such as lipophilicity, solubility, bioavailability, and drug-likeness. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the applications of SwissADME in the design and development of anticancer, antitubercular, and antimicrobial agents. The study emphasizes the importance of in silico ADME predictions in lead optimization, compound prioritization, and rational drug design. Furthermore, it discusses how SwissADME complements molecular docking, QSAR, and pharmacophore modeling in streamlining preclinical research. Comparative insights with other ADME tools, including pkCSM and admetSAR, are also provided. The review concludes with current limitations and future directions, highlighting the integration of SwissADME with artificial intelligence and machine learning for improved predictive accuracy in drug discovery.